Ihe nkiri kpo oku batrị nwere ike ime ka batrị ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na gburugburu ebe okpomọkụ dị ala. Ihe nkiri ọkụ ọkụ batrị bụ iji mmetụta electrothermal, ya bụ, ihe na-eme ka ígwè na-emepụta ihe na-ejikọta ya na ihe mkpuchi ahụ, wee kpuchie ya na akwa mkpuchi mkpuchi ọzọ n'elu oyi akwa metal ahụ, a na-ekpuchi oyi akwa ahụ n'ime ya, na-akpụ. a mkpa mpempe akwụkwọ conductive film.